What procedure involves the insertion of new or replacement of a permanent pacemaker?

The procedure that specifically involves the insertion of a new or replacement of a permanent pacemaker is the insertion of a transvenous electrode. This procedure entails placing an electrode (or lead) into the heart through a vein, which is connected to the pacemaker device. The purpose of a pacemaker is to help regulate the heartbeat by delivering electrical impulses when the heart's natural pacemaker is unable to do so effectively.

In contrast, cardiovascular catheterization is a broader procedure used primarily for diagnostic purposes, such as assessing heart conditions or taking images of the heart and vessels, rather than specifically for pacemaker insertion. Intraoperative monitoring refers to the real-time assessment of a patient's physiological parameters during surgery, which is not directly related to the mechanics of pacemaker insertion. Angioplasty involves widening narrowed or obstructed blood vessels, typically for conditions like atherosclerosis, rather than inserting pacemaker devices.

Thus, the focus on leads and the methods of connecting them to a pacemaker makes the insertion of a transvenous electrode the most appropriate choice in the context of pacemaker procedures.